Effectiveness
of Two Methods of Instruction: Multimedia and Conventional Classroom
Instruction For Developing Environmental Awareness Among Elementary School
Children
A. Research Questions
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B. Review of Previous Research
In order to make student aware about environment,
its various components and to keep it green various approaches are being used
by teachers at all the levels of schooling. In India the National Policy on
Education 1986/1992 and 9th Five Year Plan (1997-2000) has given a great
impetus to the government to promote environmental awareness.
a. Research Question:
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b. Introduction
The importance of environment has been
recognized in India since long and according to Vedas; a relationship between
man and nature is of mutual respect and kindness. The unprecedented increase
in population, intensity of human activities and growing mastery of science
and its application has produced prosperity, improved standard of life but
deteriorated the ecological systems and caused widespread destruction of
natural resources base, on which human life and well being depends upon.
Student's participation is essential in any
environmental programme to protect our environment from further degradation
and reduce the environmental problems occurring due to such activities.
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2.1Purpose
of the study
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·
Develop
the Multimedia Learning Package in Environmental Science for developing
Environmental Awareness among class VII students.
·
Develop
Achievement Test on Environmental Awareness to measure the Environmental
Awareness of class VII students.
·
Develop
Opinionnaire to seek the opinion of teachers on Multimedia Learning Package.
·
Compare
the mean Achievement scores on Environ mental awareness of two groups of
class VII students taught environmental Science with and with out the use of
Multimedia Learning Package before the experimental treatment.
·
Compare
the mean Achievement scores on Environ mental Awareness of two groups of
class VII out the use of Multimedia Learning Package after the experimental
treatment.
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2.2
Theoretical background
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c. Methodology
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3.1
Design
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1. Achievement Test on Environmental Awareness.
(Prepared by the Investigator)
2. Opinionnaire for teachers. (Prepared by the Inves
tigator)
3. Multimedia Learning Package. (Prepared by the
Investigator)
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3.2
Sample characteristics
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The sample of the study comprised of 70 students
studying in two sections of class VII of Pathfinder Global School, Pataudi ,
District - Gurgaon. One section formed the control group and the other
section
formed the experimental group.
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3.3
Main variables
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Achievement scores on Environmental Awareness of two
groups of class VII students taught Environmental Science with and without
the use of Multimedia Learning Package after the experimental treatment.
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3.4
Measure
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·
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3.5
Procedures
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·
The first stage involved pre-testing of all
class VII students of two groups on their achievement on Environmental
Awareness in Environmental Science, intelligence and socio-economic status.
·
The second stage, involved the experimental
treatment, which consisted of teaching five topics of Environmental Science
through Multimedia Method of Instruction to experimental group and through
conventional method of instruction to control group to sensitize students
towards benefit of taking care of their mother earth.
·
In the third stage, students were post-tested on
their achievement on Environmental Awareness in Environmental Science.
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d. Results
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4.1
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·
This describes the analysis, description and
interpretation of data on establishing the effectiveness of Multimedia method
of Instruction (MMLPs) through the achievement scores on Environmental
awareness. The pre and post test scores of experimental and control group
were obtained through an achievement test on Environmental awareness in
Environmental Science which was analyzed and described by using descriptive
and inferential statistics. The data were analyzed for the total achievement
test scores for both the groups. The mean of pre test and post test scores
were computed and are presented in the Table 2. The data presented in the
Table No. 2. shows positive mean gain achievement scores for the experimental
group. It was inferred that for the experimental group the mean post test
score is higher than the mean pre-test scores with a very high significant
difference. This data communicates that there is a significant gain in the
achievement of Environmental awareness of experimental group when taught by
using Multimedia method of Instruction (MMLPs). Hence, it is inferred that
Multimedia Method of Instruction proves useful in increasing the knowledge
and achievement level of class VII students. So the findings point to one and
only one direction that Multimedia Method of Instruction is effective for
developing Environmental awareness in teaching of Environmental Science.
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4.2
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4.3
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e. Discussion
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Data presented in Table 6. for control group
pre-test and post test mean scores shows that mean post test knowledge score
(47.86 ) is higher than their mean pretest score (44.57 ) with a mean
difference of (+3.29 ). The
obtained mean difference was found to be
statistically insignificant as evident from't' value of 1.65 which is calculated
at 0.05 level of significance. this shows that there was no significant
difference in the achievement of class VII students. So hypotheses H1 (before
and after the experimental treatment, the group of students taught
Environmental Science through Conventional Method of Instruction showed
insignificant change on the achievement test) in environmental awareness
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Reference
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Development of multimedia instructional materials in teacher education. Journal
of Technology and Teacher Education.
Agarwal, J.C. (1991).
Educational Research. New Delhi: Arya book Depot.
Basu, M.K. (1981).
Effectiveness of Multimedia Programmed Materials In teaching of Physics. In M.
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Best, J.W. and Kahn, J.V.
(1986). Research in Education. New Delhi Prentice-Hall of India.
Capper, J. and copple,
C.(1983). Computer use in Education Research in Review and instructional
implications. Washington, DC.: Centre for Research into Practice.
Dixit, S. and Aggarwal,
V.P. (2009). Environmental Awareness among Prospective Elementary Teachers.
Edutracks.
Grondland, N.E.(1988). How
to construct Achievements Tests, New Jersey : Prentice- Hall, Inc.
McAshan , H.H. (1963).
Elements of Educational Research. London:McGrawhill Book Co., Inc.
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